EGYPT LANDMARKS

In the west of Cairo are the pyramids of the three fixed majestic dating back to the eighth century and the twenty-s. M, which proved overwhelming superiority of the ancient Egyptians in architecture and engineering sciences, medicine and embalming, and others.

One of the wonders the world and a height of 137 meters is built on an area of 13 acres along each side of the ribs 226.5 m, contains approximately 2,300,000 pieces of limestone weighing each piece between 2.5 to 15 tons.

The current height of 135 meters, the length of each side of the ribs 212 meters.

Located south west of the pyramid of Khafre, a height of 61.5 meters, a building stone, limestone, occupies an area less than a quarter of the pyramid of Cheops, the length of each side of the ribs 108 meters.

One of the greatest and most famous ancient Egyptian monuments and was known to the ancient Egyptians as "the spirit of Mekhes," a large piece of rock Pyramids plateau was carved in the shape of the body of a lion and human head to give a symbol of power, wisdom, and a length of 70 meters and 15 meters wide.

Is located at the Sphinx for the paintings Shahyrtan inscriptions engraved on them, the first to board "Thutmose IV" in the hands of the Sphinx itself, and without them the story of King Tuthmosis IV withthe Sphinx .. The second painting is the painting "Amenhotep II" in the small temple to the northeast of the statue.

Ancient Egypt is a cemetery located on the West Bank of the Nile in the face of the capital of the old "Memphis" and derives its nameSaqqara from the name of "Soccer" one of the deities of the cemetery, and extends its desert area along the 7 kilometers to the south and its width is about 500 meters to 1500 meters from east to West and the most important effects of this region Pyramid of Djoser and Unas.

The oldest stone building in the world designed to engineer a famous artist, "Imhotep" Doctor King Djoser founder of the family at the end of 28 century BC. M to be the tomb of the King, with a length of 240 meters from east to west, 118 meters from north to south and grades on a six-degrees of the enormous building and at altitudes of 60 meters.

Located south of the Step Pyramid, built to become the tomb of King "Unas" the last king of the Fifth Dynasty pyramid covers rooms hieroglyphic inscriptions called "Pyramid Texts" and is part of the first document in the religious world.

This region is the remainder of the ancient capital of "Memphis", the origin of the name in hieroglyphs "of Navarre" any monument or city with beautiful white wall, the Greeks have a character of this name became "Memphis".

* Statue of Ramses II, one of the limestone and weighing about 100 tons and a length of 11 meters.

* Statue of the Sphinx marble, one of the modern state in the form of the Sphinx is eight meters long and weighed about 80 tons.

* Temple embalmed calf APIs.

* Cemetery hanged.

* Trinity Memphis granite.

* Temple of Ramses II.

* The Temple of Ptah.

* T-zone first.

Is about 10 kilometers south of Saqqara, there are a group of pyramids most important is the pyramid of Dahshur and the length of the north side at its base and 220 meters and a height of 99 meters.

There is also the region of the pyramid-shaped pattern of the king "Bent" pyramid "Senusret III," and the pyramid of Amenemhat III of the Middle Kingdom.

Cairo has received a great deal of creativity Christian when Christianity entered Egypt and has been on the land of Egypt and the effects of memories - especially from the ancient Egypt in the south of Cairo, where there is a church, "Abu Srjp" which tells the story of recourse of the Virgin Mary and Jesus to Egypt to protect Jesus from Herod's revenge .

This church dates back to the fourth century AD and was built in the middle of the famous Roman fortress of Babylon-style basilica consists of a nave flanked by two wings, and reduces the lobby a dozen columns decorated with pictures of Jesus Christ's apostles, as there are a number of precious icons there are also the cave and a well.

So named because it is built on the south tower of the Fortress of Babylon, built in the late fourth century AD - is made up of a bowl surrounded by two wings, a vestibule separated by marble columns, there are the icons back to the early Christian eras, the main effects are the church that block of wood carved to Mr. Christ as he entered the triumphal entry into Jerusalem.

This church was built within the walls of the fortress of Babylon in the eighth century-style basilica, are unique in terms of design, as shown in the short-Mashrabia and the beacon in the external facade of the church also has some valuable icons.

Located in an area of ancient Egypt, where built on the ruins of the old church which was built in the ninth century and then burned, the most important of the historic hall, called the "Honeymooners" dating to the thirteenth century AD and is a wonderful piece of high-Waffen.

Is one of the most beautiful churches and archaeological area of ancient Egypt located on the eastern side of the fortress of Babylon, the name of this church due to a girl named Barbara, who converted to Christianity, a departure from the pagan religion and her father, who complained the governor ordered the Roman killed her, rebuilt in the tenth century AD atheist, while keeping built magnificent gilded wood carvings Gemayzeh local and very art and beauty.

There are rain-fed area and the old more than two thousand years and despite this longevity, it evergreen due importance to the resort by the Virgin Mary and the infant Christ to them when they arrived to the region during the Holy Family to Egypt.

This monastery is located in the district of ancient Egypt StreetMosque of Amr outside the fortress of Babylon, the monastery has three churches - the largest church, "St. Shenouda" dating to the fifth century AD and the second is the Church of "Father of Sven," The Church is the third church "Virgin Damhirip" includes the convent of the Sisters of the monastery dates back to the Fatimid era and is characterized by very cabin in art and creativity in addition to the presence of some beautiful old icons.

Rising everywhere in Cairo minarets of mosques so that he fired on the Cairo name of the city of a thousand minaret of the Islamic capital is the only meet at the home so much from the houses of God as they related to the mosques that each one of the dates and events throughout the ages different.

The Islamic monuments in the ancient art of telling of the magnificence of Islamic architecture - engineers have been engaged in Islam at all kinds of buildings .. Fajlfoa us many kinds of Islamic monuments: mosques, schools, shrines and tombs and castles and forts and doors,fences and markets, agencies and boxes and Pemmar Stanat, housing and other religious institutions, military, and planned cities, and paved roads, built canals and made their vaults.

Amr ibn al-Aas built the first building built in Fustat.The length of the mosque at its inception (642 m - 21 e) nearly twenty-five meters long and fifteen meters and thatched with palm tree branches and mud and the roof is based on deliberately from the trunks of palm trees. Added to the size of the mosque increases in the different eras that reached to the area of six to ten times its original size and was accompanied by increases groves with a view to a renewal and restoration or beautification, with the result that has completely changed its features of architectural and decorative old.

Provided the mosque for the first time the unity of architecture became the basis for the emergence of one of the important sights in the design of mosques is the minaret, as well as enter the mosque for the first time a hollow, called a niche as the "niche Amr."

The mosque of Ibn Tulun mosque in Egypt, the third after the Mosque of Amr ibn al-Aas Mosque and the military - which disappeared from existence - established by Ahmad ibn Tulun, who ruled Egypt by the Abbasid Caliph - The beginning of construction in the year 263 AH / 876 AD - concluded in 265 / 879 m.

Whole brown square-shaped rib approximately the length of 162 meters, and he choose an appropriate place in terms of architectural and social terms has been built on the rocky hill high aloof from the flooding of the Nile water infiltration and also provided a solid rock foundation. Has become a central position in the three capitals (Fustat - the military - Alktaea) and therefore built on a large area of six acres and a half acre. The design of Ibn Tulun Mosque square in shape for the event, a new architectural styles that were prevalent.

The Whole-Azhar Al-Sharif's first architectural work in the establishment of a contemporary Fatimid Cairo and remained together until the day set up by the commander of the essence of Sicilian goats to the religion of God, who began work in the construction year AH 359 -970 m and finished founded and built by the first Friday of Ramadan in the year 7 AH 361 - AD 972.

So called "Al-Azhar" in relation to the term "al-Zahra," the title of Ms. Fatima daughter of the Messenger of God peace be upon him, which limited her name was called out on this whole .. And some historians see that the label relative to the glorious palaces which were built when established Cairo .. While others feel it is called also optimistic that will have a significant and standing in the flourishing of science of it.

Increased in the construction of al-Azhar mosque, many of the Fatimid caliphs and has been renewed many parts of it during the past ages have also been added by several increases. Include the original decoration in the Fatimid Al-Azhar mosque on the elements of engineering and Abannianip Knapping and decorations as well.

A milestone in the building Al-Azhar mosque minarets Rchiguetan: one for the Sultan Bey is on the left of the inside of the door to the courtyard of the mosque of Mosul, the current .. And the second high minaret to the right of the inside of the same section, a huge lighthouse is unique among the minarets of the times where it ends minaret with two heads instead of one head was built by Sultan Ghori last Mamluk sultans in AH 915 - in 1510.

Was based Al-Azhar mosque major restoration process in the nineties, inaugurated by President Hosni Mubarak in 1997, was also set up are recent are based on the Islamic model for each of the Al-Azhar and MUFTI.

Take the Al-Azhar mosque and religious status process after the shift in the era of Aziz to the University of studying the science and claims of the doctrine of the Fatimid and was my first lesson thrown Al-Azhar Mosque in the month of Safar 365 AH - 975 AD.

Come to students from all over the Muslim world in the corridors and Vtkabl Mqsourath Marrakchi, China and Tunisia has been linked to African, Asian and European Association of Islam and his plate had a share of the rewards students academic quality and financial caliphs was attach to science students and their teachers.

Create the current scene in 549 AH - in 1154. Days on the orders of God victorious caliph, rolled renovations to the mosque through the ages, and the renewed built the first days of Abbas ordered Bamarth Khedive Ismail, and construction to the fullest They cited his willful marble from Constantinople.

Provided the mosque wooden platform painted gold leaf and ceiling of painted wood with floral and geometric multi-colored and gilded, extremely accurate and creativity has an area of the mosque is now 3340 square meters.

Salah al-Din Square is located in the face of the Citadel Mosque of Sultan Hassan. Established by the mother of Hoshyar Hanim Khedive Ismail - 1286 AH - in 1869. The area of the mosque from the inside of which 65000 m segment of the prayer and 1767 square meters and summarized the cemetery and the rest of the accessories area.Characterized two tracks of the mosque, agility, beauty, and the rules-division round.